Baseline characteristics of the subjects by change in sitting time (ST)
| Characteristics | Change in ST |
p-value | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Consistently non-ST (LL) | Formerly ST (HL) | Newly ST (LH) | Consistently ST (HH) | ||
| No. of subjects | 1,054 | 291 | 210 | 131 | |
| Age (yr) | 56.82±6.01 | 57.31±6.11 | 57.77±6.76 | 56.35±5.88 | 0.483 |
| Male sex (%) | 48.01 | 60.48 | 44.76 | 54.20 | 0.001 |
| Sleep time (hr/day) | 6.16±1.01 | 6.12±1.01 | 6.08±1.07 | 6.01±1.14 | 0.091 |
| Body mass index (kg/m2) | 24.11±2.64 | 24.73±2.83 | 24.32±2.58 | 24.46±2.59 | 0.032 |
| Total METs (METs-min/wk) | 3,626.04±2,522.54 | 2,926.22±2,024.89 | 2,511.45±1,969.70 | 2,173.57±1,716.58 | <0.001 |
| hs-CRP (mL/dL) | 1.27±3.28 | 1.45±2.70 | 1.30±3.24 | 1.04±1.51 | 0.697 |
| eGFR (mL/min/1.73m2) | 96.46±18.62 | 95.84±18.39 | 94.75±17.86 | 93.89±16.84 | 0.068 |
| HOMA-IR | 1.78±0.83 | 1.83±0.95 | 1.76±0.81 | 1.81±0.80 | 0.748 |
| HbA1C (%) | 5.59±0.58 | 5.60±0.65 | 5.54±0.53 | 5.59±0.73 | 0.634 |
| Current drinking (%) | 48.67 | 53.26 | 43.33 | 47.33 | 0.479 |
| Current smoking (%) | 10.34 | 13.75 | 12.38 | 13.74 | 0.216 |
| Low income (%) | 7.59 | 6.53 | 11.90 | 9.16 | 0.203 |
| Metabolic syndrome risk factor | |||||
| Elevated FBG (%) | 16.60 | 18.21 | 14.29 | 15.27 | 0.678 |
| Elevated BP (%) | 6.64 | 5.50 | 8.10 | 6.11 | 0.707 |
| Elevated TG (%) | 23.24 | 25.09 | 26.67 | 24.43 | 0.720 |
| Elevated WC (%) | 10.44 | 12.37 | 15.71 | 12.90 | 0.154 |
| Low HDL-C (%) | 32.64 | 32.99 | 35.24 | 32.06 | 0.899 |
| ST (hr/day) | |||||
| Weekday | 4.48±1.67 | 9.39±1.77 | 4.89±1.73 | 10.06±1.93 | <0.001 |
| Weekend | 4.37±1.86 | 7.94±2.54 | 4.55±1.91 | 8.83±2.74 | <0.001 |
Values are presented as number only, mean±standard deviation, or percentages only.
LL: low-low, HL: high-low, LH: low-high, HH: high-high, METs: metabolic equivalent tasks, hs-CRP: high-sensitivity C-reactive protein, eGFR: estimated glomerular filtration rate, HOMA-IR: homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance, HbA1C: glycosylated hemoglobin, FBG: fasting blood glucose, BP: blood pressure, TG: triglyceride, WC: waist circumference, HDL-C: high density lipoprotein cholesterol.
*LL, <7 hr/day in 2011−2012 and 2013−2014; HL, ≥7 hr/day in 2011−2012 and <7 hr/day in 2013−2014; LH, <7 hr/day in 2011−2012 and ≥7 hr/day in 2013−2014; HH, ≥7 hr/day in 2011−2012 and 2013−2014.
